ZID (Z-resolved Integrated Diagnostic) provides three linked outputs: an index for ranking departure magnitude, a permutation p-value for testing distributional equality, and a signed dispersion readout for diagnosis

ZID reports three linked outputs: an index for ranking departure magnitude, a permutation $p$-value for testing distributional equality, and a signed dispersion readout for diagnosis

http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.24881v1