GASHE (Gradient-Aware Selective Homomorphic Encryption) dynamically encrypts only gradient components exceeding a DP-calibrated sensitivity threshold, improving efficiency over uniform encryption schemes

GASHE (Gradient-Aware Selective Homomorphic Encryption), a novel selective encryption strategy that dynamically identifies and encrypts only the gradient components exceeding a DP-calibrated sensitivity threshold, rather than encrypting all parameters uniformly as in static layer-based or full-parameter CKKS schemes

http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27108v1