Directed graph learning with nonsymmetric propagation operators can be theoretically certified and controlled using a two-sided cone Rayleigh framework for generalized pencils

Building on the two-sided cone Rayleigh framework for generalized pencils \[ B_θ-λG, \] we develop a learning-oriented methodology for spectral certification, sensitivity analysis, and control without requiring symmetry, nonnegativity, or cone preservation.

http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27122v1